Spree

Spree/Sprjewja/Spréva

The Spree in Berlin, view eastwards from Friedrichstraße.
Origin Upper Lusatia
Mouth Havel
Basin countries Czech Republic, Germany
Length ±400 km
Avg. discharge 36 m³/s
Basin area 10,105 km²
The Spree in Bautzen
The Spree in the Spreewald
The Spree in central Berlin
The Bode Museum at the tip of Museum Island in the Spree

The Spree (German pronunciation: [ˈʃpʁeː]; Upper Sorbian: Sprjewja, Lower Sorbian: Sprowja, Czech: Spréva) is a river that flows through the Saxony, Brandenburg and Berlin states of Germany, and in the Ústí nad Labem region of the Czech Republic. It is a left bank tributary of the River Havel and is approximately 400 kilometres (250 mi) in length.

The reach of the river between the Dämeritzsee and Müggelsee to the east of Berlin is known as the Müggelspree.

Contents

Course

The source of the Spree is located in the Lusatian Highlands (Lausitzer Bergland) on the Czech border. After leaving the hills, the river passes through the old city of Bautzen/Budyšin, the centre of the Sorbs in Upper Lusatia. Just to the north of Bautzen the river flows through the Bautzen Reservoir. Further north the river passes through the city of Spremberg and the Spremberg Reservoir before reaching the city of Cottbus. To the north of Cottbus the river enters the Spreewald, a large wetlands area in Lower Lusatia.

In the Spreewald the river passes through the towns of Lübbenau, Lübben and Leibsch. Just below Leibsch, the Dahme Umflutkanal, a flood relief channel, diverts water from the Spree to run into the River Dahme at Märkisch Buchholz. The Spree continues north from Leibsch before flowing into the Neundorfer See at the northern edge of the Spreewald. From the Neundorfer See it then flows in an easterly direction to the Schwielochsee, and then in a northerly and westerly direction to the town of Fürstenwalde. From Fürstenwalde the river continues to flow westwards, through the Dämeritzsee and Müggelsee, to the town of Köpenick in the south-eastern suburbs of Berlin, where it is joined by its tributary, the River Dahme.[1]

The final reach of the Spree is where it is best known. It flows through the city centre of Berlin to join the River Havel at Spandau, a town in the western suburbs of Berlin. On its route through Berlin, the river passes Berlin Cathedral (Berliner Dom), the Reichstag and the Schloss Charlottenburg. The renowned Museum Island (Museumsinsel), with its collection of five major museums, is actually an island in the Spree. The Badeschiff is a floating swimming pool moored in the Spree.[1][2]

Navigation

Very small craft, such as punts, are widely used in wetlands of the Spreewald. Larger craft can reach as far upstream as Leibsch, although the upper reaches are relatively shallow and are generally only used by leisure craft. Some intermediate reaches are unnavigable and by-passed by canals.[1]

For a stretch of about 20 kilometres (12 mi) near Fürstenwalde the river forms part of the Oder-Spree Canal, although this then diverges to join the River Dahme. On this reach, and on the reach west of the confluence with the River Dahme at Köpenick, the river forms part of the commercially important link between Berlin and the River Oder and hence Poland.[1]

In Berlin, the Spree forms part of a dense network of navigable waterways, many of which are artificial, and which provide a wide choice of routes. Several important commercial harbours can be found on this network. Tour boats tour the central section of the Spree and its adjoining waterways on a frequent basis.[1][3]

Etymology

The name of the river Spree was by Thietmar of Merseburg recorded as Sprewa (Middle German sprejen, sprewen, High German sprühen meaning to spray water). People living at the Spree river (Anwohner) were in old German language (and are still) called Spreewaner.

The river gives its name to several German districts:

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Sheffield, Barry (1995). Inland Waterways of Germany. St Ives: Imray Laurie Norie & Wilson. pp. 113-122. ISBN 0 85288 283 1. 
  2. ↑ James, Kyle. "A Pool with a View". Deutsche Welle. http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,2144,1302942,00.html. Retrieved 2010-05-15. 
  3. ↑ Gawthrop, John; Williams, Christian (2008). The Rough Guide to Berlin. London - New York - Delhi: Rough Guides. pp. 28-29. ISBN 978-1-85828-382-1. 

External links